Abstract Details

Title Sulcal Cavitation During Head Impact and Correlating with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Neuropathology

Topic Neuro Trauma, Critical Care, and Sports Neurology

Presentation(s) P11 - Poster Session 11 (8:00 AM-9:00 AM)

Poster/Presentation
Number 5-002

Objective NA

Background Cavitation has been hypothesized to occur in traumatic brain injury (TBI) since the 1950s, as a mechanism by which contusions develop in closed head injuries. But, because of the rarity of occipital contusion in frontal impacts – where cavitation was expected to occur – this hypothesis has been largely discounted. However, mild TBI may have a different localization than cerebral contusions: sulcal enlargement has been found in collegiate soccer players while chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) appears to start within the depths of the sulci. Thus, the depths of the sulci may be an important localization in mTBI. We aim to investigate the physical mechanics of the depths of the sulci in mild TBI.

Design/Methods Brain phantoms were designed from an MRI model of a healthy 35 year-old-male brain. Phantoms contained gyri and sulci and were composed of models of grey and white matter with matched shear properties to living tissue. Brain phantoms are encased in model 3D printed skull mimicking human cranial stiffness and immersed in a model cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Blunt force trauma, equivalent to 23.7 J, was applied to the phantom in a series of 1.0m controlled weight drops under high-speed video observation (25K frames / second).

Results Pressure oscillations consistent with cavitation, near the contre-coup location, were found in all impacts. High-speed video imaging demonstrated cavitation bubble inception and collapse in the CSF near the contre-coup region, extending into the depths of the sulci. Using particle tracking methodologies and quantitative measurements of brain tissue deformation, we measured maximal tissue deformation within the depths of the sulci during cavitation.

Conclusions

During mild TBI impacts, cavitation occurred in the CSF of novel human head models leading to maximal tissue deformation within sulci. This maximal brain tissue deformation, driven by cavitation, may suggest cavitation is one contributing mechanism to mTBI neuropathology.

Authors/Disclosures
Jacob L. Van Orman, MD (David Grant Medical Center - US Air Force) PRESENTER	Dr. Van Orman has nothing to disclose.
	No disclosure on file
	No disclosure on file
	No disclosure on file
	No disclosure on file
Daniel P. Perl, MD (Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences)	No disclosure on file
Adam M. Willis, MD	The institution of Dr. Willis has received research support from Air Force. Dr. Willis has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.

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Abstract Details