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Abstract Details

A Challenging Case of Hypothalamic Adipsic Diabetes Insipidus in the setting of Diffuse Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology
Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology Posters (7:00 AM-5:00 PM)
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We present a rare case of adipsic diabetes insipidus (ADI) secondary to endovascular sacrifice of the left median artery of the corpus callosum (MACC) in the setting of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.  
Hypothalamic ADI is a rare syndrome characterized by damage to the osmoreceptors of the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT) and subfornical organ (SFO). These neurons regulate water balance by balancing thirst and stimulating vasopressin secretion in response to increasing serum osmolality. Ischemic-related OVLT/SFO damage can occur from arteriovenous malformations or aneurysms involving the anterior communicating artery (ACOM) or variant vessels, such as the MACC.
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16-year-old male presented with a thunder-clap headache while weightlifting. Computed tomography brain imaging demonstrated diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage (Hunt Hess 4, modified Fisher 4) and left frontal intraparenchymal hematoma, suggestive of a ruptured ACOM aneurysm. Within an hour of presentation, the aneurysm re-ruptured requiring placement of bifrontal external ventricular drains for acute hydrocephalus and aggressive hyperosmolar therapy. Emergent digital subtraction angiography revealed a dissecting pseudoaneurysm of the left MACC, treated with coil embolization and endovascular sacrifice of the parent vessel.  Post securement, his hospital course was complicated by profound polyuria with hypernatremia, low serum osmolality, and urine studies consistent with ADI. Management was challenging due to adipsia and development of bilateral supraclinoid ICA vasospasm as a sequelae of his subarachnoid hemorrhage. Patient required close titration of desmopressin and intravenous fluid management. He was eventually stabilized on high dose enteral desmopressin and discharged to acute rehabilitation.

The circumventricular organs, OVLT and SFO, osmoreceptors are at high risk of damage from anterior cerebral artery vascular pathology resulting in a loss of vasopressin regulation and dysregulation of thirst mechanisms. Ischemic related OVLT/SFO damage leading to ADI is a rare complication that requires immediate recognition and individualized management with desmopressin and intravenous fluids
Authors/Disclosures
Catherine Hassett, MD
PRESENTER
Dr. Hassett has nothing to disclose.
Catherine Hassett, MD Dr. Hassett has nothing to disclose.
Samer M. Abubakr, MD (Cleveland Clinic) Dr. Abubakr has nothing to disclose.
Joao A. Gomes, MD (Cleveland Clinic) Dr. Gomes has nothing to disclose.